Program for the event. Contains an introduction about the concert, the performance titles, the names of choreographers, dancers, artistic directors, writers, and more.

Program for the event. Contains the performance titles, the names of choreographers, dancers, artistic directors, writers, and more.

Program for the event at Sophia Gordon Center for Creative and Performing Arts. Contains an introduction about the concert, the performance titles, the names of choreographers, dancers, artistic directors, writers, and more.

Language plays a pivotal role in governing human behavior through rules, influencing both adaptive and maladaptive behaviors. Research has shown that rule-governed behavior often becomes rigid, leading to insensitivity to changing contingencies and contributing to psychological distress. While traditional models of rule-governance provide valuable insights, they fail to explain how verbal stimuli specify contingencies. Relational Frame Theory (RFT) addresses this limitation by explaining rule-governance through contextual cues and derived stimulus relations. Within this framework, augmentals are said to modify the value of events and are categorized as either formative or motivative. While formative augmentals establish given consequences as reinforcers or punishers through trained stimulus relations, motivative augmentals temporarily alter the extent to which previously established consequences function as reinforcers or punishers. Limited research has explored the effects of motivative augmentals within the RFT framework. The study investigated the effects of motivative augmentals on behavior during response deficit condition, employing the disequilibrium model to assess changes in instrumental (advertisement watching) and contingent (video watching) activities. Results showed that the presentation of candidate augmentative verbal stimuli—during a response deficit contingency—lead to reductions in both instrumental and contingent activities compared to that of deficit alone conditions for 7/8 particiapnts. The findings of the study could suggest that motivative augmentals temporarily alter the perceived value of events, and therefore, the regulation of behavior during deficit.

This qualitative study examines how private language schools reproduce or resist native-speakerism through public-facing discourses of three language schools where I also worked: British Town (Turkey), Canadian College (Colombia), and Approach International Student Center (Boston). Using multimodal critical discourse analysis, I analyzed websites and job advertisements through an integrated framework: Selvi's job-ad coding of discriminatory language, Fairclough's three-dimensional CDA, and Kress & van Leeuwen's visual grammar. Data consisted of public facing school discourses and screenshots of institutional pages and recruitment posts; analysis combined deductive codes (e.g., nativeness requirements, citizenship/passport filters, credential talk) with inductive themes in text-image pairings. The findings indicate that Turkey and Colombia explicitly and implicitly convey preference for native or foreign speakers by implementing British, US, and Canadian symbols; images of international (white) teachers; and different tiers of language course packages that indicate access to native or bicultural educators is superior and more valuable. By contrast, the Boston site centers qualifications, mentoring, and mission fit; job language avoids "native" requirements, and the staff page displays significant diversity. The patterns across cases hint at how market branding, rules, and school goals all work together. This research introduces a single, integrated coding model for websites and ads. Limitations include three cases and public texts only; future work should connect discourse to HR records and pay scales across sites and over time.

This study investigated the impact of rules operating as contingency-specifying stimuli (CSS). The primary focus was on whether rules could specify a contingency that alters the functions of advertisements and videos. Integrating Relational Frame Theory (RFT) and Response Disequilibrium Theory (RDT), it was examined whether rules with comparative contextual cues mimicked the effects of response deficit contingencies. Ten Salem State University undergraduate students participated in a counterbalanced study with three baselines that preceded or followed two experimental conditions: Deficit and Rules. During each baseline phase of the study, advertisements and videos were freely available for viewing. Similarly, advertisements and videos were freely available for viewing during the Rules condition. Rules were framed comparatively across the dimensions of "more" and "better" to increase the duration of time spent viewing advertisements (e.g., "Click more Ads to see better Vids"). In the Deficit condition, a response deficit contingency was arranged to increase the viewing duration of advertisements. The results indicated that Rules had an effect that increased participants" advertisement viewing duration, which resembled the effect of the response deficit contingency. This research advances our understanding of verbally-regulated behavior changes, as the effect of rules approximated the effect of disequilibrium contingencies.

In this paper, we approximate an irrational number using continued fractions through an example of a musical problem. We first define the chromatic scale. To delve into why the chromatic scale only has twelve notes, we discuss the topic of Pythagorean Tuning and how it utilizes mathematics to create scales. Since using Pythagorean Tuning to approximate the length of a scale results in an irrational number, we introduce the notion of continued fractions. These can be calculated by either using the Euclidean Algorithm or the Continued Fraction Algorithm. We define the term best approximation and finally, we use these components to solve our musical question.

Our ideas revolving around Calculus, Philosophy, Law, and Theology are often so clouded that we forget to acknowledge the people behind these ideas. Through this way of thinking, we forget to look at the foundations that took countless years and even lifetimes to construct out of what we believe to be nothingness. What if I were to say everything mentioned in the first sentence was revolutionized by a German mathematician, philosopher, and logician's name is Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. The first part of this paper will focus on outlining his contributions to the foundations and invention of Calculus, disagreements between him and Newton, Leibniz's notation for Calculus, and other works in other areas such as law, metaphysics, and theology. This paper does not cover details including birth, death, spouses, etc. as those take away from the goals of this paper. The second part focuses on Abraham Robertson's construction of the Hyperreal Numbers and their applications proving that Leibniz's intuition of infinitesimals and Calculus correct. Accurate recognition of one's work is critical in maintaining not only credibility over future pieces of work but also recognizing the accomplishments of one's work. Understanding Leibniz's work and the instrumental construction of Calculus and infinitesimals allows us to also focus on the foundations of our modern societies and trace where many of our common ideas and innovations stem from. Ultimately, by the end of this paper, one should have a better understanding of the impact Leibniz, infinitesimals, and the foundational understandings of Calculus.

This project focused on bicycle infrastructure in Boston, including the city's count of bicycle infrastructure and cycling accessibility. Infrastructure included Bluebike stations from November 1st, 2023, and bicycle trails from the 2020 MassDOT Bike Inventory. Accessibility explored the gaps in Boston's bicycle infrastructure in environmental justice (EJ) 2020 census block groups. As of the 2020 Census, 460 of the 581 census block groups in Boston are EJ designated, meaning that approximately 79.17% of census block groups are EJ designated. 2020 EJ designated census block groups' count of bicycle infrastructure and their accessibility to bicycle infrastructure in Boston, MA were analyzed in ArcGIS Pro using spatial joins, distance accumulation, and a suitability modeler. The average number of bicycle trails in a 2020 EJ census block group was 4.22, while the average number of Bluebike stations in a 2020 EJ census block group was less than 1 (0.465). Bicycle lanes were the most common bicycle trail type across the EJ designated census block groups, but 139 (30.22%) of the EJ 2020 census block groups had zero bicycle trails, showcasing a need for bicycle trail connection in these areas. More than the majority, or 302 (65.65%), of EJ designated census block groups had 0 Bluebike stations as of November 1st, 2023. Accessibility to bicycle infrastructure was highest in the neighborhoods surrounding Downtown, such as the North End, West End, Beacon Hill, Back Bay, Fenway, South End, Chinatown, and the South Boston Waterfront. Accessibility was more varied elsewhere, particularly in the West Roxbury, Hyde Park, Brighton, Dorchester, Roxbury, Jamaica Plain, Mattapan, and Roslindale neighborhoods. Bicycling is an essential aspect of multimodal transport and should be constantly evolving and improving.

This geologic study focuses on Marblehead Neck, a small Island connected by a bridge off Marblehead, MA, characterized by diverse igneous formations. The island, part of the Avalon terrane, has a makeup of igneous units. The prevailing map indicates exposures of Proterozoic Dedham Granite and Lynn Volcanics, yet the region's complexity challenges existing interpretations. These formations, crucial for deciphering the Dedham-Milford Zone's history in the area, prompt comparisons with Dedham Granite, Milford Granite, Lynn-Mattapan Volcanic Complex, and Middlesex Fells Volcanic Complex. Using Petrographic methods and comparing local lithologies, we can come to unravel the lithologies origins. Petrographic analyses of the lithologies reveal that granodiorite consists of plagioclase (60%), quartz (25%), K- feldspars (5%), hornblende (5%), biotite (5%) and includes metasedimentary xenoliths. The granite intrudes into the granodiorite and consists of K-feldspar (40%), quartz (35%), plagioclase (20%), minor hornblende (5%), and is devoid of metasedimentary xenoliths. The rhyolitic flows are mostly fine-grained groundmass, with some plagioclase phenocrysts and mafic inclusions. The subvolcanic unit is identified as dacite porphyry. These units showed field relations spanning different time periods. Overall, our results indicate the granodiorite unit is part of the Dedham Granite, Granite with the Spot Pond Granite, Rhyolite with the Lynn-Mattapan Volcanic Complex, and Dacite with later subvolcanic activity, possibly related to Lynn feeder dikes or later Pangea volcanism. This approach, incorporating fieldwork, remote reconnaissance, petrographic analysis, and petrographic comparison to known data, aims to refine the understanding of Marblehead Neck's geological evolution within the broader context of the Dedham-Milford Zone.